Rabies virions are bullet-shaped with nm spike-like glycoprotein peplomers covering the surface. The ribonucleoprotein is composed of RNA encased in nucleoprotein - , phosphorylated or phosphoprotein -Illistration of virus, and polymerase -virus. The cross-sectional diagram demonstrates the concentric layers: envelope membrane bilayer, M protein, and tightly coiled encased genomic RNA.
The rabies virus genome is single-stranded, antisense, nonsegmented, RNA of approximately 12 kb. Transcription synthesis of mRNAs. Translation Synthesis of structural proteins. Processing G-protein gycosylation. Replication production of genomic RNA from intermediate strand. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link.
Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. What is Rabies? Minus Related Pages. Structure Rhabdoviruses are approximately nm long and 75 nm wide. Replication The fusion of the rabies virus envelope to the host cell membrane adsorption initiates the infection process.
Rabies in the Americas external World Rabies Day. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. Consider the rabies vaccine if you're traveling or often around animals that may have rabies. If you're traveling to a country where rabies is common and you'll be there for an extended period of time, ask your doctor whether you should receive the rabies vaccine. This includes traveling to remote areas where medical care is difficult to find.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Rabies is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter.
Show references Rabies. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Aug. Mayo Clinic; Elsevier Point of Care. Rabies vaccine information statements. Bennett JE, et al. Rabies Rhabdoviruses. Elsevier; In rural Canada and the U. In Switzerland, the authorities distributed vaccine-laced chicken heads throughout the Swiss Alps. The foxes immunized themselves by consuming the vaccine, and the country is now almost free of rabies.
Individuals should follow some safety rules to reduce the chance of contracting rabies. In , a woman died from rabies after being bitten by a bat during the night. She did not realize she had been bitten. People are encouraged to seek medical help after an encounter with a wild animal, even if they do not have bite marks or other outward signs of injury. Nevertheless, between 30, and 60, people seek rabies postexposure prophylaxis every year, following contact with suspect animals.
Hundreds of thousands of animals undergo tests and observation. Between 60 and 70 dogs and around cats are reported rabid each year in the U. Most of these have not been vaccinated, and they were exposed to the virus through wild animals, such as bats. The prevalence of rabies varies widely in different countries.
In nations without a feral dog population, the rates are significantly lower. Rabies is present in countries and in all continents except Antarctica and the Arctic. Islands such as New Zealand, Australia, Mauritius and the Seychelles, are helped by their natural isolation. Africa and Asia are the continents where rabies is most common.
India has the highest number of cases. In recent years, the prevalence of rabies in South America and the Caribbean has fallen significantly, due to rabies control programs. Official figures show that in there were cases , but by , there were fewer than Anyone who is traveling to an area where rabies is prevalent, or who is participating in activities where they are likely to come into contact with wild animals that may have rabies, such as caving or camping, should ask their doctor about vaccinations.
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