In females, medical conditions such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS , uterine polyps or a history of pelvic infections are often associated with infertility.
Having regular predictable periods is a good indicator that you ovulate regularly. In other words, it means an egg is being released from your ovaries on a regular basis. But, ovulation alone does not guarantee that you can get pregnant. Sometimes there can be an issue with egg quality, how the egg is fertilized, its ability to be transported to the uterus, or how it becomes implanted in the uterus.
There may also be a problem with the sperm. Outcomes indicate that black, Asian and Hispanic or Latina women may have less success with fertility treatments compared to white women. However, we do know certain medical conditions that can impact fertility occur more frequently in some races than in others. For example, women of color have a higher likelihood of having uterine fibroids than white women. Additionally, studies show that women of color are more likely to be affected by socioeconomic factors that can make it more difficult to get treatment — or even to understand the need the need for treatment.
At UChicago Medicine, we take a personalized approach to educating each patient about their reproductive health and family-building options. Our team is committed to providing excellent care for everyone. Typically, the first steps will involve a visit to the doctor, blood tests, a pelvic ultrasound and a semen analysis. In many cases, factors that lead to infertility can be overcome with treatments like intrauterine insemination IUI or in vitro fertilization IVF.
Your doctor can help you understand which family-building options may work best for you. Reproductive endocrinologist Amanda Adeleye, MD, specializes in reproductive medicine and infertility treatment, including fertility preservation, in vitro fertilization IVF and intrauterine insemination IUI.
To speak to someone directly, please call If you have symptoms of an urgent nature, please call your doctor or go to the emergency room immediately. We offer online appointment scheduling for video and in-person appointments for adult and pediatric primary care and many specialties. A menstrual cycle that's too long 35 days or more , too short less than 21 days , irregular or absent can mean that you're not ovulating. There might be no other signs or symptoms. Your doctor might also want to begin testing or treatment right away if you or your partner has known fertility problems, or if you have a history of irregular or painful periods, pelvic inflammatory disease, repeated miscarriages, cancer treatment, or endometriosis.
The ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina vaginal canal make up the female reproductive system. During fertilization, the sperm and egg unite in one of the fallopian tubes to form a zygote. Then the zygote travels down the fallopian tube, where it becomes a morula.
Once it reaches the uterus, the morula becomes a blastocyst. The blastocyst then burrows into the uterine lining — a process called implantation. For pregnancy to occur, every step of the human reproduction process has to happen correctly. The steps in this process are:. In women, a number of factors can disrupt this process at any step. Female infertility is caused by one or more of the factors below. Ovulating infrequently or not at all accounts for most cases of infertility.
Problems with the regulation of reproductive hormones by the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland or problems in the ovary can cause ovulation disorders. Damaged or blocked fallopian tubes keep sperm from getting to the egg or block the passage of the fertilized egg into the uterus. Causes of fallopian tube damage or blockage can include:.
Endometriosis occurs when tissue that typically grows in the uterus implants and grows in other places. Reduced hormones may result, which could potentially translate into trouble conceiving. Similarly, an inability to ejaculate is a sign that it might be time to visit a doctor. Small or firm testicles could indicate potential issues that should be explored by a medical practitioner. Around 15 to 20 percent of couples trying to conceive will have trouble with infertility.
Female factor infertility is typically to blame 40 percent of the time, while male factor infertility is the cause of issues 30 to 40 percent of the time.
A combination of these factors leads to infertility 20 to 30 percent of the time. The medical industry is forever making advances in this field. Make an appointment with your doctor and go over your concerns. Even if you are diagnosed with infertility, you may still be able to conceive. Celiac disease may be a cause for infertility.
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I Accept Show Purposes. Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. Irregular Menstrual Cycles. Light or Heavy Bleeding and Cramps. Age Older Than Male Infertility. Miscarriage Rate. Chronic Illnesses. History of STIs. Smoking and Alcohol Use. Toxic Chemical Exposure.
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